SECURITY UPDATES
Special Report
Under Threat:
Iraqi journalists face hazards
May 17, 2004
Special Report
Permission to Fire:
CPJ investigates the attack on the Palestine Hotel
May 27, 2003
Japanese journalists,
translator killed
May 28, 2004
Al-Jazeera journalist
killed
May 21, 2004
Journalists abused
by U.S. troops
May 18, 2004
Two journalists killed,
another injured
May 7, 2004
Coalition official
confirms that U.S. troops killed journalist
April 21, 2004
Journalist and his
driver reportedly killed
April 19, 2004
Another journalist
released
April 19, 2004
Czech journalists
released
April 16, 2004
Japanese civilians,
including photographer, are released
April 15, 2004
French journalist
released
April 14, 2004
French journalist
kidnapped
April 13, 2004
Czech reporters missing
April 12, 2004
Journalist among kidnapped
foreigners
April 8, 2004
CPJ concerned about
abduction of journalists
April 7, 2004
CPJ files FOIA request
for full investigation into deaths of Al-Arabiyya journalists
April 5, 2004
CPJ troubled by closure
of newspaper
March 29, 2004
Translator for Time
magazine dies after shooting
March 26, 2004
CPJ sends
letter to Rumsfeld about the deaths of two journalists in Iraq
March 25, 2004
Cameraman killed
March 18, 2004
Governing council
penalizes Al-Jazeera
February 2, 2004
CNN producer and driver
killed in ambush
January 27, 2004
CPJ sends letter
of inquiry to U.S. military about journalists' detentions
January 21, 2004
Two journalists wounded in grenade attack
December 11, 2003
CPJ condemns closure of Arab news channel
November 24, 2003
Reporter abducted, journalist shot
November 14, 2003
Iranian journalists
released after four months
November 3, 2003
Editor killed
October 28, 2003
CPJ requests information
from U.S. Defense Department about journalists killed by U.S. forces
October 8, 2003
Explosive device rocks
NBC News Baghdad bureau
September 25, 2003
TV stations sancationed
September 23, 2003
Los Angeles Times
correspondant dies in Baghdad
September 23, 2003
CPJ dismayed by U.S.
investigation into killing of Reuters cameraman
September 22, 2003
Correspondent and camerman
detained
September 11, 2003
CPJ calls for a
full and public investigation into journalist's death
August 18, 2003
Reuters cameraman Mazen
Dana killed in Baghdad
August 17, 2003
Journalist briefly detained and handcuffed
August 13, 2003
Al-Jazeera cameraman and assistant wounded during grenade attack
August 11, 2003
CPJ calls on
U.S. for more information about detained Iranian journalists
July 29, 2003
Free-lance cameraman
killed
July 7, 2003
Boston Globe
correspondent and translator killed in car accident
May 9, 2003
Camerawoman dies from injuries
sustained in car accident
April 15, 2003
Journalist killed in car accident
in Iraq
April 14, 2003
Abu Dhabi TV journalists, Polish
reporters reported safe
April 9, 2003
CPJ condemns journalists deaths'
in Iraq
April 8, 2003
CPJ mourns loss of two journalists
killed in Iraq
April 7, 2003
CPJ sends letter to Gen. Tommy
Franks about mistreatment of journalists by U.S. forces
April 7, 2003
BBC translator killed
April 6, 2003
CPJ mourns the death of Atlantic
Monthly editor Michael Kelly
April 4, 2003
Missing journalist's wife demands
more information
April 3, 2003
BBC cameraman killed in Iraq
April 2, 2003
Four missing journalists in Iraq
are safe in Jordan
April 1, 2003
Iraqi officials may have detained
Newsday journalists
March 30, 2003
CPJ sends letter to Rumsfeld
about U.S. bombing of Iraqi TV
March 28, 2003
Group of journalists missing
in Baghdad
March 26, 2003
CPJ investigating bombing of
Iraqi television facility
March 26, 2003
Al-Jazeera correspondents' credentials
revoked
March 25, 2003
Croatian journalist expelled
from Iraq
March 24, 2003
ITN correspondent confirmed dead
March 23, 2003
Newsweek reporter comes under
Iraqi gunfire
March 22, 2003
Journalist killed in northern
Iraq
March 22, 2003
CNN crew expelled from Iraq
March 21, 2003
CPJ concerned about possible
shielding
March 20, 2003
CPJ reiterates concern for safety
of reporters covering conflict in Baghdad
March 19, 2003
Joel Campagna on "Media Concerns
About Covering the War" in The Boston Globe
March 19, 2003
Bush tells journalists to leave
Iraq
March 18, 2003
Iraq replaces "minders" with
intelligence operatives
March 17, 2003
Correspondent expelled from Iraq
March 17, 2003
ABC and NBC withdraw reporters
from Iraq
March 17, 2003
U.S. Secretary of State urges
journalists to leave Iraq
March 16, 2003
Turkey asks two U.S. journalists
to leave
March 13, 2003
White House spokesperson says
journalists will receive advance warning to leave Iraq
March 7, 2003
Bush tells journalists to leave
Iraq if war takes place
March 7, 2003
CPJ send letter to Secretary of
Defense Rumsfeld
March 6, 2003
Pentagon Warns Journalists Over
Safety in Baghdad
February 27, 2003
Pentagon Says Iraq Using Media
Buildings for Shielding
February 26, 2003
New York, February 25, 2003—In late February, the Bush administration
appeared poised to launch a full-scale military assault against Iraq to
disarm Saddam Hussein. Today, hundreds of journalists have traveled to
Iraq, Kuwait, Jordan, Qatar, and Turkey to prepare for the anticipated
story.
CPJ will monitor these global developments and will focus its advocacy
on ensuring that journalists covering any possible conflict in the Middle
East are able to work freely and safely. At CPJ, we believe that journalists
play a crucial role by providing the public and policy-makers with the
information needed to understand events and make decisions.
Journalists are especially critical in conflicts because they are often
the only civilians present on the battlefield. In light of that, CPJ encourages
members of the media to review our safety handbook, titled On
Assignment: Covering Conflict Safely and to contact us with any
concerns regarding press freedom abuses.
For many journalists, the recent conflict in Afghanistan is a stark reminder
of the risks involved. In 2001, eight reporters were killed in a 16-day
period while covering the U.S. military response to the attacks of September
11, 2001. Along with the bloodshed, members of the media encountered an
array of restrictions on their ability to report. The Taliban barred most
of the foreign press from areas of the country under their control; and
the U.S. military provided very limited access to journalists covering
the military campaign and on occasion curtailed journalists' movements
and censored or intimidated those who tried to report developments on
the ground.
The dozens of reporters and photojournalists now hunkered down in Iraq's
capital, Baghdad, face a familiar gauntlet of restrictions. For years,
foreign journalists have chafed at tight limits imposed by Iraqi authorities.
Government "minders" shadow journalists and inhibit reporting, and Saddam
Hussein's notorious police state brooks no dissent in the state-controlled
media.
Although safety conditions may be relatively good for journalists in Iraq
at the moment, the situation could change quickly in the event of war.
During the 1991 Gulf War, four journalists were killed in the line of
duty. One of them, free-lance photographer Gad Gross, was executed by
Iraqi troops after they recaptured the northern city of Kirkuk from Kurdish
rebels. Iraqi forces detained several other journalists.
Today, some editors and journalists fear that those reporting from Baghdad
could be used as "human shields" or taken hostage by the Iraqi regime.
Random violence against journalists similar to what occurred in Afghanistan
two years ago poses a serious threat, as does banditry and unrest caused
by the chaos that may ensue should the Hussein regime collapse. And then
there are worries that Saddam Hussein might use chemical or biological
weapons, which would not only jeopardize the local population but also
those covering the front lines.
Following the shock of journalists' deaths in Afghanistan—and in anticipation
of possible dangers in Iraq—major international news organizations have
prepared for a host emergencies, including the prospect of biochemical
attacks. Many outlets have sent their staff to hostile-environment training
courses.
Journalists reporting from inside Iraq must also contend with the potential
danger from U.S. bombs and missiles. Qatar's 24-hour news channel Al-Jazeera
will be among those broadcasting out of Baghdad, and the destruction of
the station's bureau in Afghanistan's capital, Kabul, by U.S. missiles
in November 2001 has fueled anxiety among its staff about their safety.
Correspondents and their editors will be watching the Pentagon closely
to see how much freedom U.S. troops will tolerate. In recent conflicts—Grenada,
Panama, the Gulf War, and Afghanistan—U.S. officials have carefully managed
the flow of information, restricting access to news events and in some
cases employing censorship. More than 10 years ago, during the 1991 Gulf
War, officials instituted a "pool" system that barred journalists from
battles without a military escort and entailed rigorous prior censorship
of all news and photographs.
This time, the Pentagon has said it will accommodate the press by allowing
reporters the most access to front-line American troops since the Vietnam
War. Officials have formulated a detailed plan to "embed" more than 500
reporters with U.S. troops in and around the battlefield. (Click here
to review the military's embedding guidelines
and the Coalition Forces Land Component Command
Ground Rules Agreement.)
Embed "slots" have already been allotted to various U.S. and international
news organizations, who in turn have tapped their reporters to fill them
in Kuwait and elsewhere in the Gulf. Journalists' reports will not be
censored, officials say, but recently released ground rules appear to
provide some pre-screening and censorship of reports. There will also
likely be delays in filing stories in order to protect operational security.
(The Pentagon has indicated that these delays will be minimal and used
to prevent real-time reporting on the launching of military attacks or
troops preparing to engage the enemy, for example.)
This change in approach toward the media appears aimed, at least in part,
at improving the military's strained relationship with the press during
conflict, ensuring positive coverage of the military's endeavors, and
giving the military the upper hand in any "information war" that may ensue
during an attack on Iraq by having reporters counter negative news about
troop activities, such as reports about civilian casualties. The embedding
scheme could also be viewed as a plan to control journalists by keeping
them close to troops, who can restrict the press's movement and ability
to report. In the end, this type of control could result in one-dimensional
and uncritical reporting on U.S. troops.
The bigger question is, will journalists working outside the "embed" system
be able to move in Iraq freely once troops begin a ground attack? Thus
far, U.S. officials have offered no convincing guarantees that such "unilateral"
reporting, or reports by non-embedded journalists, will proceed without
interference.
Beyond obstacles on the battlefield, the specter of media crackdowns in
countries across the region looms. During the first Gulf War, several
states clamped down on dissent in the media. The Turkish government, sensitive
about coverage of the use of its airbase by coalition aircraft, interrupted
CNN broadcasts of stories that touched on Turkey's role in the war. Syrian
authorities arrested writers who expressed public support for Iraq, and
the Saudi government—whose local press failed to even mention the Iraqi
invasion of Kuwait on August 2, 1990—barred several foreign publications
from distribution in the country.
Already, signs of such sensitivity are apparent. In December 2002, the
Syrian government arrested Ibrahim Hemaidi, the Damascus bureau chief
for the respected daily Al-Hayat, because he penned an article
reporting that the Syrian government was preparing for a possible influx
of Iraqi refugees in the event of a U.S. attack on Iraq. He remains in
prison. Kuwaiti officials have discussed instituting new restrictive press
legislation given the heightened security situation in the country. These
concerns appear to have been alleviated in recent days, but observers
fear that other countries may follow suit if or when war erupts.
Press Freedom: General
CPJ's Attacks
on the Press in 2001
Annual Iraq summary
CPJ's Attacks on the Press in 2000
Annual Iraq summary
CPJ's Attacks on the Press in 1999
Annual Iraq summary
CPJ's Attacks on the Press in 2001
Annual United States summary
Iraq Press Freedom Archive
"Iraq:
Rules of the Game," EPN World Reporter, January 10, 2003
During a career that has taken him across three continents of the world,
French freelancer Jean Michel Vernochet has become an authority on Arab-Muslim
affairs. In the coming months he intends to return to Baghdad, a city
that he visits regularly, and, as the tension mounts in anticipation of
a U.S. assault, he offers World Reporter readers a valuable insight
into succeeding as a foreign correspondent in Iraq.
"Tragedy
in Iraq," Village Voice, May 14, 1991
CPJ Washington, D.C., representative and free-lance reporter Frank
Smyth's account of the1991 execution of photographer Gad Gross in northern
Iraq.
Foreign Media Access
"Some
Journalists Will go it alone in Iraq," Editor and Publisher,
March 12, 2003
Ask Jeffrey Fleishman of the Los Angeles Times if he wishes
that he were among the hundreds of reporters embedded with U.S. military
troops and the veteran scribe doesn't mince words. "I'm glad I'm not,"
he said during a satellite-phone interview from northern Iraq, where he's
been assigned for two months. "I like the freedom of movement and the
choice to see the story from the middle."
"Pentagon
Adds 100 More slots for Reporters," Editor and Publisher, March
11, 2003
The Pentagon is offering at least 100 more slots for journalists to
be embedded with troops in the Persian Gulf this week, according to Pentagon
spokesman Bryan Whitman, bringing the number of newspeople traveling with
military units to more than 600.
"War Correspondent's Advice: Stay Off the Press Bus," Editor and
Publisher, February 26, 2003
On a day the Pentagon was announcing its guidelines for the more than
500 "embedded" reporters accompanying U.S. forces in any attack on Iraq,
veteran war correspondent Chris Hedges remained worried about what, on
the face of it, might seem extraordinary measures by the Pentagon to facilitate
press coverage.
"Schanberg's
Take on the Pentagon's Media Rules," Editor and Publisher,
February 24, 2003
Em-bed-ded, said Sydney H. Schanberg, savoring the word's many ambiguities
and connotations. "Embedded means, ‘You're there.' It also means, ‘You're
stuck.'" Schanberg is one of the media's leading authorities on hazardous
duty. A decorated correspondent for The New York Times, his adventures
in Vietnam and Cambodia during the 1970s—and the plight of his former
aide, Dith Pran—were dramatized in the Oscar-winning 1984 film, "The Killing
Fields." An Army veteran himself, Schanberg, 68, left the Times
in 1986 and now writes for The Village Voice in New York.
"Why
is Pentagon Inviting Press to Accompany Troops? Military Wants its Own
Story Told," Editor and Publisher, February 21, 2003
Missing in the coverage of the Pentagon's "ground rules" for embedded
reporters, who will travel with U.S. forces in the event of a war with
Iraq, is the military's official explanation for why they are doing it
CNN: "Newsnight with Aaron Brown"
Transcript of discussion on Pentagon "embedding"
"US Military Document Outlines War Coverage: Promises Wide Access, But
Strict Limits," Editor and Publisher, February 14, 2003
The U.S. military plans to take extraordinary steps to provide the
media access to combat zones in Iraq, but only after making reporters
agree to a series of strict prohibitions, according to a lengthy document
sent by a press officer for a major U.S. military base to a news organization
that will be "embedding" reporters with American forces preparing for
an attack on Iraq.
"Pentagon Gambles on Open-War Policy; Journalists Media Wary of Access
Pledge," Chicago Tribune, January 30, 2003
In an abrupt shift from the military's keep-the-media-away mentality
that prevailed during the 1991 Persian Gulf War, the Pentagon says it
wants to give journalists live, up-close access to frontline battle units.
Whether truly open access occurs remains to be seen. There is ample concern
within the news media about being manipulated and having the battlefield
message controlled by a Pentagon never known for full disclosure. Still,
media executives say they are cautiously encouraged.
"Truth May Sink in the Desert Sand," Los Angeles Times, January
20, 2003
Those intrepid journalists who remain in Iraq may face challenges from
the U.S. military too, in the form of electronic jamming of their satellite
phones or other technology to thwart live coverage. But this will pale
in comparison with those hapless souls "embedded" with the American forces.
Reporters have been embedded before, in a shack in Panama, in a briefing
room in Dhahran and in their hotels in Pakistan and Afghanistan. They've
been denied timely access to events on the ground until Washington has
in effect "sanitized" the terrain. There is nothing to suggest the Pentagon
will change its policy or permit the kind of unfettered reportage we witnessed
in Vietnam.
"Air War: How Sadam Manipulates the U.S. Media," The New Republic,
October 28, 2002
Like their Soviet-bloc predecessors, the Iraqis have become masters
of the Orwellian pantomime—the state-orchestrated anti-American rally,
the state-led tours of alleged chemical weapons sites that turn out to
be baby milk factories—that promotes their distorted reality. And the
Iraqi regime has found an audience for these displays in an unlikely place:
the U.S. media.
"Boccardi
Concerned About Press Access," The Associated Press, October 25, 2002
The United States may go to war with Iraq away from the watchful eyes
of the press and public, a possible scenario that worries the president
of The Associated Press.
"Infiltrating Iraq No Easy Task," PDNewswire, October 16, 2002
As America and Iraq inch closer to war, many American photojournalists
are finding it difficult, if not impossible, to gain entry into Baghdad.
"Networks
Push for War Access," EPN World Reporter, October 9, 2002
Despite predictions that the US armed forces will prevent journalists
from covering military action in Iraq, broadcasters are refusing to give
up hope of getting close to the front line. But are the days of front
line reporting gone for good?
" Journalists Are
Owed Protection in Wartime," Newsday, March 31, 2003
Less than two weeks into the Iraq war, this conflict already has proved
to be most dangerous for journalists. Two have been killed, several injured
and at least six are missing.
The disturbing toll raises critical issues about how journalists are to
be treated in times of war when their determination to report the news
puts them squarely in harm's way.
"
Live From Iraq," Newsweek, March 26, 2003
Newsweek's Jennifer Barrett speaks with Joel Simon, acting director of the
Committee to Protect Journalists, about how well protected journalists are
in Iraq and how that is affecting the way the war is reported.
"
Unembedded Reporters Face Grave Dangers: Chicago Trib Reporter Offers
Chilling Account," Editor and Publisher, March 26, 2003
On Wednesday, E&P received a message from veteran Chicago Tribune
reporter Laurie Goering. She has been based in Kuwait as “unilateral,”
or non-embedded journalist for several weeks and has gotten into southern
Iraq.
Goering wrote, “It now appears that unilateral reporters cannot
operate in Iraq with the current security situation without being sort
of unofficially embedded with troops, or at least being able to camp at
night near them. Unilaterals have had mortars and RPGs [rocket-propelled
grenades] fired at them by Iraqi troops. Lack of supply is also an enormous
problem. Unilaterals who are up closer to Baghdad are having to abandon
their vehicles as they cannot source gasoline to keep them running, even
with military help (the military runs on diesel, and there are no diesel
vehicles to rent in Kuwait where people started, hence the problem).
“I hear a small group of unilaterals up there are actually siphoning
the last of their gas into one vehicle, getting in together, and trying
to make it to Baghdad in that vehicle.”
"
Decorated Reporter Shares War-Survival Secrets," Editor and Publisher,
March 17, 2003
Joseph L. Galloway, a famed war correspondent who covered conflicts
from the Vietnam War to the Gulf War—and co-wrote the book We
Were Soldiers Once ... and Young (later a Mel Gibson movie)—now
serves as military-affairs correspondent for Knight Ridder in its Washington
office. When Knight Ridder journalists go abroad to cover another possible
war against Iraq, they receive from Galloway a memo. "There are old war
correspondents and bold war correspondents," he observes, "but no old,
bold war correspondents."
"War reporting
enters 21st Century," BBC, March 12, 2003
Even when there was nothing to say, even when they knew nothing, the
correspondents so expensively deployed across the Middle East were on
the air, sounding authoritative, or scared
On Assignment: Covering Conflict Safely
CPJ's handbook for journalists facing the difficult and dangerous job
of war reporting.
"News organizations
prepare for possibility of war in Iraq," The Associated Press, November
8, 2002
CNN is distributing bodysuits to news crews in case of a chemical
or biological weapons attack. The Sun of Baltimore and the Chicago
Tribune are sending reporters to special security classes. Fox News
is surveying the Middle East to figure out the best and safest places
for its cameras. Whether the United States and Iraq will end up at war
is still unknown, but many media organizations are drawing up plans and
mobilizing staff just in case.
"Journalist
Training for Iraq Conflict," EPN World Reporter, November 5,
2002
There have been mixed reactions amongst editors to the journalist combat
training initiative announced last week by the Pentagon. The announcement
came as part of ongoing preparations for war coverage in view of the Iraq
situation. The one-week training programmes are to include sessions on
military procedures such as ammunitions, first aid and response to nuclear,
chemical and biological attack, as well as those concerning rules of engagement
and the U.S. command structure.
"Journalists Face Biochemical Threat," EPN World Reporter,
October 8, 2002
As news organisations prepare to cover military action in Iraq, journalists
are taking safety training courses designed to cope with the threat of
biochemical weapons.
"MacArthur Warns About Pentagon Control,"Editor and Publisher,
March 18, 2003
If the Pentagon does indeed execute the Iraqi war plan it calls "Shock
and Awe" this month, the very brevity of the intensive bombing campaign
presents a challenge all too familiar to John R. MacArthur. A former reporter
for the Chicago Sun-Times and foreign desk editor for United Press
International, MacArthur is now publisher of Harper's Magazine.
He is also the author of Second Front: Censorship and Propaganda in
the Gulf War, a penetrating investigation into how the Pentagon promoted
unprecedented curbs on the press in the opening days of the Gulf War.
"Full Metal Junket: The Myth
of the Objective War Correspondent," Slate, March 5, 2003
The first-person pieces by reporters who've completed "media boot camps"
in preparation for covering the Iraq attack should prime us for the sight
of gut-wagons wheeling back from the front piled high with journos. In
piece after piece, combat-inept reporters undergo multiple simulated deaths
as their trainers attack them with mock mustard gas, grenades, and bullets.
"Showdown at the U.N. Corral: Pressing the Press on Iraq," Present
Tense, February 21, 2003
The Administration knows that military preparation is not enough. It
has set out to prepare the public and the press.
"U.S. Journalists in Baghdad Wait for Fighting: Big Opportunity but ‘Terrifying
Prospect'" Editor and Publisher, February 4, 2003
Although most of the Western journalists holed up this week inside
the Al-Rashid Hotel in Baghdad awaiting a U.S. attack on Iraq weren't
there when the Persian Gulf War started, they can feel its links to the
past. Best known as the building where TV journalists telecast the first
U.S. bombing strike 12 years ago, the hotel's violent legacy remains uppermost
in the minds of reporters staying there now. Hoping (perhaps against hope)
that military training, both from private companies and the Pentagon,
will be enough to protect them, even as they stock up on gas masks and
protective clothing, many of the dozens of reporters and photojournalists
stationed at the hotel told E&P that they're excited at the prospect
of being in the enemy's capital when the action begins.
"Into Harm's Way: As war looms in Iraq, journalists disagree about how
best to cover the conflict—and live to tell the story," Christian
Science Monitor, January 30, 2003
The first Gulf War was a fiasco. Journalists who covered it will tell
you: Some of the dispatches they sent home in the winter and spring of
1991 are embarrassing to read today. Holed up in a hotel, herded into
pens for military briefings, few of the roughly 1,400 who reported from
Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, on Operation Desert Storm had the military expertise
to judge whether the press releases they were fed—about the successes
of Patriot missiles, the accuracy of smart bombs—could possibly be true.
"Journalists Debate Pending War," Editor and Publisher, January
29, 2003
Now, with polls showing rising doubts about the wisdom of a war at
this moment, E&P examines some of the issues the press should—indeed,
must—confront before the bombs start falling. Also, we describe some surprising
views from the boardrooms, from the editors' lairs, and from the journalistic
trenches.
"Arnett: Expect Better Coverage of this War," USA Today, November
20, 2002
Former CNN correspondent Peter Arnett is back in Baghdad—the scene
of his glory days from the last Gulf War—and he predicts that the United
States will be at war with Iraq in short order. "I don't think Saddam
will fess up to much, and there will be a confrontation that'll lead to
war sooner than later," Arnett says. "I don't see how it can end any other
way."
"The
Real Cost of the Coming War," The Independent, October 22,
2002
"TV Prepares to Go to War," Chicago Tribune, October 21, 2002
As news organizations prepare for the possibility of war with Iraq,
they face many of the same issues they did a decade ago with the Gulf
War: amount of access, expense of deploying personnel thousands of miles
away, risk to employees' lives. But many of these variables seem to have
shifted in ways that might hinder the media as it would strive to keep
the public informed, news executives said.
(Fee based)
"Mobilizing to Cover a
Looming War," The Boston Globe, October 12, 2002.
As war looms in Iraq, the nature of the engagement, the physical risks
facing journalists, Saddam Hussein's actions, and the Pentagon's proclivity
for controlling access to the battle all pose daunting challenges to media
outlets positioning themselves to cover the conflict. Extensive on-scene
reporting looks like a very difficult proposition.
(Fee based)
Broadcast Media
Shabab TV (Youth TV). One
of two in television channels in Iraq controlled by Saddam Hussein's son,
Uday.
Print Media
Ajeeb's
Tarjim Translator
Arabic-English Translation on the Web
Iraqi News Agency. The official state news agency.
http://www.uruklink.net/iraqnews/
(Arabic)
http://www.uruklink.net/iraqnews/eindex.htm
(English)
Al-Thawra (The Revolution). The official Iraqi daily of
the Arab Socialist Baath Party.
Al-Jumhurriya (The Republic). Official daily.
Babil (Babel). The influential daily controlled by Uday
Saddam Hussein
http://www.iraq2000.com/babil/
Al-Iraq.
Official daily.
Alwan.
An Iraqi weekly controlled by Uday Saddam Hussein.
Al-Talaba.
Iraqi weekly published by the national union of Iraqi students.
Alef-Ba.
A weekly magazine published in Baghdad.
Al-Zawra.
A weekly magazine published in Baghdad.
Ishtar. A monthly
women's magazine published in Baghdad.
Al-Baath al-Riyadhi.
A weekly Baathist sports paper.
Live
From Baghdad: Making Journalism History Behind the Lines by Robert
Weiner (Griffin Trade Paperback, December 2002)
The First Casualty: The War Correspondent as Hero and Myth-Maker from
the Crimea to Kosovo by Philip Knightly (Johns Hopkins University
Press, May 2002)
Hotel
Warriors: Covering the Gulf War by John J. Fialka and Peter
Braestrup (Woodrow Wilson Center Special Studies, April 1992).
Live
from the Battlefield: From Vietnam to Bagdad, 35 Years in the World's
War Zones by Peter Arnett (Touchstone Books, January 1995).
Media Access and the Military by Judith Raine Baroody (University
Press of America, March 1998).
The
Persian Gulf TV War: Critical Studies in Communication and in the Cultural
Industries by Douglas Kellner (Westview Press, October